Qiu jin biography graphic organizer

When she was a child, Jin did not like the stereotypes of women. Qiu did not agree with the Confucian values saying men were more important than women. Qiu's parents picked a man for her to marry. Another person who helped start the school was arrested and executed. She chose to write about the meaning of her name: Autumn. Contents move to sidebar hide.

Page Talk. Read Change Change source View history. Romantic students frequently changed their minds at the last moment, and secret-society members sometimes acted primarily as mercenaries and refused to act if they were not well paid. Manchu police were very thorough at rooting out plots and at torturing and executing would-be revolutionaries upon the slightest evidence.

Qiu Jin immediately contacted the revolutionaries in her home area, and she prepared to work simultaneously for armed uprisings and for women's liberation. While teaching Japanese language, science, and hygiene in a girls' school, she encouraged the other teachers to take up the causes of gender equality and nationalism. The principal of the school, Xu Zihuawas an enlightened widow who had fled the maltreatment of her in-laws.

She and Qiu Jin became close friends. During the summer ofQiu Jin worked in Shanghai, where she founded a popular magazine, Chinese Women's Journal, to promote women's liberation. Xu Zihua and her sister provided 1, yuan toward its establishment, but funding remained a problem and only two issues were published. For the first, which appeared on January 14,Qiu Jin wrote an editorial exhorting women to "be the forerunners of waking the lion, be the vanguard of civilization, be the boat across the ford of confusion, be the light of the dark room, so that within the world of Chinese women a magnificent splendor will be released, to stir the hearts and dazzle the eyes of all mankind.

Those silks and satins can be compared to brocaded ropes and embroidered belts, binding you tightly. Those servants are really prison guards. That husband … is the magistrate and the jailer…. I'd like to ask these wealthy wives, even if you have had a life of ease and enjoyment, have you ever had even a little power to act on your own? It is always the male who has the position of master, and the female who has the position of slave.

Qiu Jin admonished women to rise up to free themselves by qiu jin biography graphic organizer for personal and economic freedom. She also urged them to unite in the struggle to save China—the struggle that always took precedence for her. With the abolition of the Confucian civil-service examination system, which had been the major route to government office for centuries, the government encouraged the establishment of schools teaching both traditional and modern subjects.

Availing himself of government sanction for new schools, revolutionary Xu Xilin opened Datong School in Shaoxing as a front for revolutionary activity in Zhejiang province. In Februarywith Xu moving to Anhui province to head, and make revolutionary use of, the Police Academy there, Qiu Jin accepted a request to head the school. Revolutionaries from all over Zhejiang attended Datong School for training, drilling with rifles and ammunition Xu had brought in from Shanghai.

A few miles outside the city, Qiu Jin herself led the students and activists in military drill, especially encouraging the female students to join in. Suspicious of the school's activities and of a woman wearing male garb and riding a horse, local residents—probably gentry members—posted handbills attacking Datong School as a "den of bandits.

All the while, she was attracting new members to the Restoration Society and forging close connections with society leaders in various locales. Qiu Jin also made connections with soldiers in the New Army as well as students in military and high-level cadre schools in Hangzhou. She reportedly convinced a number of soldiers in Hangzhou to side with the revolutionary cause and enlisted them as agents provocateurs for future action in Hangzhou.

She established the Restoration Army, upon which she imposed tight organization. He urged that the Zhejiang branch, too, prepare for an uprising in the near future. Accordingly, Qiu Jin summoned the leaders of the Restoration Army to a meeting, at which she reportedly said: "[T]he arrow is really in the bow. In Zhejiang, the authorities were closing in.

A traitor to the revolutionary cause had revealed the names of key leaders of the Restoration Army. By early July, when Qiu Jin decided to delay the uprising until July 19, official attention was already trained on the school. On July 7 or soon thereafter, word leaked to Gui Fu that Datong School's revolutionary group, including Qiu Jin, was planning an uprising.

Gui Fu passed this intelligence on to the Zhejiang governor, who quickly deployed troops to Shaoxing. Several died in the attempt, while Xu Xilin was captured and executed. A revolutionary from Shanghai arrived to urge Qiu Jin to flee to Shanghai. Repeating a familiar theme, she refused, saying that she did not fear death: blood had to be spilled for the revolution to succeed.

On July 12, she learned that troops were on their way. After mobilizing teachers and students to conceal the rifles and ammunition, Qiu Jin encouraged her colleagues and students to go into hiding. She declined again to seek safety the next morning. A few hours later, more than troops surrounded Datong School. After a brief battle in which two students died, the troops entered the school.

Qiu Jin and seven others were captured. Subsequently interrogated and tortured, she steadfastly refused to answer questions or to write a confession. Just before dawn on July 15,Qiu Jin was beheaded in Shaoxing. The revolution for which she gave her life would topple the Qing Dynasty on October 10, Drawing on the heroic tradition, many in her time believed that perhaps the best way to force the pace of change was to die gloriously in battle against the corrupt Manchus.

A martyr's death offered not only a possible way to inspire thousands of others to finally overthrow the government, but also guaranteed a measure of fame and immortality, as revealed in Qiu Jin's poetry translated by Mary Backus Rankin :. Qiu Jin was right that her death would motivate others, and in that sense it was not a useless sacrifice.

Among those many Chinese women who were inspired was Yu Manzhenthe mother of the later female literary and revolutionary figure Ding Ling — Qiu Jin's daughter Wang Qiu Canzhi edited her mother's poetry, which was continually reprinted and widely read. Chinese, and particularly Chinese women, continue to honor her memory. Chen Xianggong, ed.

Qiu Jin nianpu ji zhuanji ziliao chronological qiu jin biography graphic organizer and biographical material about Qiu Jin. Beijing: China Publishing House, Fang Chao-ying. Hummel, ed. Washington: U. Government Printing Office,pp. Li Hongsheng. Jinan: Shandong People's Publishing House, Rankin, Mary Backus. Early Chinese Revolutionaries.

Radical Intellectuals in Shanghai and Chekiang, — Chinese scholar Hu Ying, professor of East Asian Languages and Literature at the University of California, Irvinepublished a monograph on Qiu inBurying Autumn[ 21 ] that explores Qiu Jin's friendship with her sworn sisters Wu Zhiying and Xu Zihua and situates her work in the larger sociopolitical and literary context of the time.

One film, simply titled Qiu Jinwas released in and directed by Xie Jin. She is briefly shown in the beginning ofbeing led to the execution ground to be beheaded. The movie was directed by Jackie Chan and Zhang Li. Immediately after her death Chinese playwrights used the incident, "resulting in at least eight plays before the end of the Ch'ing dynasty.

InThe New York Times published a belated obituary for her. Because Qiu is mainly remembered in the West as revolutionary and feminist, her poetry and essays are often overlooked though owing to her early death, they are few. Her writing reflects an exceptional education in classical literature, and she writes traditional poetry shi and ci.

Qiu composes verse with a wide range of metaphors and allusions that mix classical mythology with revolutionary rhetoric. Don't speak of how women can't become heroes: alone, I rode the winds eastward, for ten thousand leagues.

Qiu jin biography graphic organizer

My poetic ponderings expanded, a sail between sky and sea, dreaming of Japan's three islands, delicate jade under moonlight. Grieving the fall of bronze camels, guardians of China's palace gates, a warhorse is disgraced, not one battle yet won. As my heart shatters with rage over my homeland's troubles, how can I linger, a guest abroad, savoring spring winds?

On leaving Beijing for Japan, she wrote a poem, Reflections written during travels in Japan [ 26 ] summarizing her life until that point:. The sun and moon without light. Sky and earth in darkness. Who can uplift the sinking world of women? I pawned my jewels to sail across the open seas, parting from my children as I left the border at Jade Gate.

Unbinding my feet to pour out a millennium's poisons, I arouse the spirit of women, hundreds of flowers, abloom. Oh, this poor handkerchief made of merfolk-woven silk, half stained with blood and half soaked in tears. It's hard to trade kerchief and dress for a helmet [ 28 ]. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history.

Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Chinese feminist and revolutionary — For other uses, see Qiu Jin disambiguation. In this Chinese namethe family name is Qiu. FujianQing dynasty. Shanyin, ShaoxingZhejiangQing dynasty. Biography [ edit ]. Early life in China [ edit ].

Childhood activities [ edit ]. Marriage [ edit ]. Aftermath of First Sino-Japanese War [ edit ]. Life while studying in Japan [ edit ]. Life after returning to China [ edit ]. Death [ edit ]. Legacy [ edit ]. Literary works [ edit ]. Gallery [ edit ]. See also [ edit ].