Patriarch michael cerularius biography of donald

He points out that no one thought of attacking the many Byzantine monasteries and churches in the West Willop. At the same time he wrote a very friendly letter to the emperor, and sent both documents to Constantinople by three legates Cardinal Humbert, Cardinal Frederick his own cousin and Chancellor of the Roman Churchafterwards Stephen IX,and Archbishop Peter of Amalfi.

The emperor, who was exceedingly annoyed about the whole quarrel, received the legates with honor and lodged them in his palace. Several weeks passed in discussion. Cardinal Humbert wrote defenses of the Latin customs, and incidentally converted Nicetas Pectoratus Will, The legates then prepared the Bull of excommunication against him, Leo of Achridaand their adherents, which they laid on the altar of Sancta Sophia on July 16, Two days later they set out for Rome.

The emperor was still on good terms with them and gave them presents for Monte Cassino. After the schism Caerularius became for a time the strongest man at Constantinople. He quarrelled with his former patron, Constantine IX, who appeased him by abject apologies. He became a kind of king-maker. Michael VI was not sufficiently submissive, so Caerularius worked up a revolution, deposed him, went himself to cut off his hair, and shut him up in a monastery.

Patriarch michael cerularius biography of donald

In his place he set up Isaac Comnenus Isaac I, Isaac knew well to whom he owed his place and was at first very docile. At this time Cwrularius reached the height of his power. He appointed all the officers of state, and was the real sovereign of the empire. So little did he disguise this fact that he began to wear the purple shoes that were always the prerogative of the emperor.

On the same day, Cardinal Humbert and his colleagues entered the church of the Hagia Sophia during the divine liturgy and placed the charter on the altar. Soon after that, the patriarch decided to react. On 20 Julya synod of 21 metropolitans and bishops was held in Constantinople, presided over by Michael I. The council decided to excommunicate Cardinal Humbert and his colleagues.

The events of caused the East—West Schism and led to the end of the alliance between the Byzantine emperors and the Popes. Later popes allied with the Normans against the Byzantine Empire. Patriarch Michael I closed the Latin churches in his area, which exacerbated the schism. Although the excommunication delivered by Cardinal Humbert was invalid, the gesture represented a significant step towards restoring communion between Rome and Constantinople.

The short reign of the Empress Theodora Porphyrogenita then saw Michael I intriguing against the throne. Michael Psellos notes that while their initial relations had been cordial, once Theodora took the throne, they entered into open conflict, as Michael I "was vexed because the Roman Empire was being governed by a woman", and on this topic "he spoke his mind freely".

Michael I had a hand in negotiating the abdication of Theodora's successor, Michael VI Bringasconvincing him to step down on 31 Augustin favour of the rebellious general Isaac I Komnenosfor whom the army declared on 8 June. Having had a role in bringing him to the throne, Michael I soon quarrelled with Isaac I over confiscation of church property.

Michael I went so far as to take the highly symbolic step of donning the purple shoes ceremonially reserved for the emperor. Michael I apparently planned a rebellion, intending to overthrow Isaac I and claim the throne for himself or for his relative Constantine Doukas. Isaac I exiled Michael I to Proconnesus in and, as Michael I refused to step down, had Michael Psellos drew up accusations of heresy and treason against him.

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